Social Impact of Migration in India: A Review

Abstract

Migration has become a global phenomenon with the movement of population within districts, states, nations and across borders. It has become an important aspect in the history of human progress. Migration is known as the movement of people from one permanent residence to another either permanent or temporary residence for a substantial period of time by breaking social and cultural ties. Rural-urban migration has been very evident in global population changes in recent decades, especially in India, where migration growth rates are among the highest in the world. Rural-urban migration in India is a dynamic and complex phenomenon, driven by a myriad of socioeconomic factors. This article explores the multifaceted nature of rural-urban migration, focusing on its drivers, socioeconomic implications, and coping strategies employed by migrants. Economic disparities between rural and urban areas stand out as a primary driver, drawing individuals and families to urban centers in pursuit of higher wages and improved employment prospects. Education, infrastructure deficiencies, and the promise of better living conditions further fuel this migration. The socioeconomic implications of rural-urban migration are profound and multifaceted. Income disparities persist, as migrants often find themselves in low-skilled, informal sector jobs with limited job security.